Vanin-1 tubular injury and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients

Currently, kidney transplantation (KT) is the optimal treatment option for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), providing improved survival rates, enhanced quality of life, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to all forms of dialysis (1). However, despite successful transplantation, kidney transplant recipients (KTR) still remain susceptible to graft failure, especially in the long-term period (2).

Tubular injury, plays a significant role in graft failure. Biomarkers indicating tubular injury may offer insights into risk assessment following kidney transplantation.

About Vanin-1

 -Urinary vanin-1 levels increase prior to serum creatinine and other tubular injury markers in acute kidney injury, as shown by experimental and observational studies (3). 

-Urinary vanin-1 is associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and kidney function decline in hypertensive patients (3). 

-Elevated urinary vanin-1 has been observed in patients with obstructive nephropathy and IgA nephropathy, suggesting its potential as a biomarker (4).

Vanin-1 tubular injury and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients

The BIOMEDICA  Vanin-1 ELISA was utilized in a study investigating whether urinary vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 (Vanin-1), a promising early marker of tubular injury, correlates with other established tubular injury indicators and is linked to graft failure in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Urinary Vanin-1 was measured in 656 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) more than 1-year post-transplant.

Key findings:

-First study to investigate 24-hour urinary vanin-1 excretion in a cohort of stable, outpatient kidney transplant recipients.

-Week but significant correlation with other tubular injury markers.

-No association between urinary Vanin-1 levels and risk of graft failure.

The findings do not support 24-hour urinary vanin-1 excretion as a useful biomarker for predicting the risk of death-censored graft failure.

Human Vanin-1 (urine) ELISA | BI-VAN1U

• Optimized for human urine samples
• Rigorously validated according to quality guidelines
• One-step ELISA (protocol booklet)

 

Urinary vanin-1, tubular injury, and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients.

Abstract

We investigated whether urinary vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 (vanin-1), a promising early-onset tubular injury marker, correlates with other established tubular injury markers and is associated with graft failure in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). We measured 24 h urinary vanin-1 excretion in 656 KTR (age 53 ± 13 years, 43% female, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 53 ± 21 mL/min/1.73 m²) who had undergone kidney transplantation ≥ 1 year. The median 24 h urinary vanin-1 excretion was 145 [51–331] pmol/24 h. 24 h urinary vanin-1 excretion correlated weakly but significantly with other tubular injury markers (ρ = 0.14, p < 0.001 with urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein, ρ = 0.13, p = 0.001 with urinary post-translationally modified fetuin-A protein, and ρ = 0.10, p = 0.011 with plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) and with eGFR (ρ = − 0.13, p = 0.001). During a median follow-up of 7.4 [4.9–8.0] years, 94 (14%) KTR developed death-censored graft failure. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, 24 h urinary vanin-1 excretion was not associated with an increased risk of death-censored graft failure (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.96 [0.86–1.07], p = 0.5). In conclusion, our findings do not support the role of urinary vanin-1 as a biomarker of graft failure after kidney transplantation.

Literature

1. Life and expectations post-kidney transplant: a qualitative analysis of patient responses. Tucker EL, Smith AR, Daskin MS, Schapiro H, Cottrell SM, Gendron ES, Hill-Callahan P, Leichtman AB, Merion RM, Gill SJ, Maass KL. BMC Nephrol. 2019 May 16;20(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s12882-019-1368-0. PMID: 31096942; PMCID: PMC6524208.
2. Long-Term Survival after Kidney Transplantation. Hariharan S, Israni AK, Danovitch G. N Engl J Med. 2021 Aug 19;385(8):729-743. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2014530. PMID: 34407344.
3. Urinary vanin-1, tubular injury, and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients. Alkaff FF, Kremer D, Niekolaas TM, van den Born J, Rimbach G, Tseng TL, Berger SP, Bakker SJL, de Borst MH. Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 27;14(1):2283. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52635-x. PMID: 38280883; PMCID: PMC10821939.
4. The Usefulness of Vanin-1 and Periostin as Markers of an Active Autoimmune Process or Renal Fibrosis in Children with IgA Nephropathy and IgA Vasculitis with Nephritis-A Pilot Study. Mizerska-Wasiak M, Płatos E, Cichoń-Kawa K, Demkow U, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska M. J Clin Med. 2022 Feb 25;11(5):1265. doi: 10.3390/jcm11051265. PMID: 35268356; PMCID: PMC8911128.