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Anti-Oxidized LDL Antibodies and the Gut-Joint Axis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is characterized by persistent systemic inflammation. The inflammation of the joints over time leads to the destruction of the joint with loss of cartilage and bone erosions (1). Apart of joint damage, RA is increasingly recognized as a disease with wider inflammatory and metabolic implications, including links to oxidative stress and intestinal barrier dysfunction (2).
In this context, biomarkers such as anti-oxLDL antibodies may provide valuable insights into disease activity, inflammatory burden, and potential treatment response, particularly in studies exploring the gut-joint axis and anti-TNF therapy.
In a study published in Frontiers Immunology by García-Studer A and colleagues, the researchers investigated the association between intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and the response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3).
-Anti-Oxidized LDL Autoantibodies ELISA (oxLDL Ab) in control and pathological serum samples were measured with the BIOMEDICA oLAB (Anti-Oxidized LDL Autoantibodies) ELISA | BI-20032.
Anti-Oxidized LDL Antibody ELISA (oLAB) Assay (cat. no. BI-20032)
Features
- Standardized method backed by more than 30 years of experience in oLAB ELISA production
- Widely referenced in over 80 product-specific scientific publications
- Fast results in just 2.5 hours
- Two controls included with the kit – Protocol booklet – link
Anti-oxidized LDL Antibodies (oLAB) ELISA
Related Products
Oxystat Oxidative Stress Test Features
- Determines total oxidant capacity/status (TOC/TOS)
- Fast and simple assay for measuring total peroxide levels in biological fluids
Features
- Highly specific: Uses well-characterized, epitope-mapped antibodies
- High sensitivity: Provides measurable values in both serum and plasma samples
- Reliable: Rigorously validated in accordance with FDA, ICH, and EMEA guidelines
- Easy to use: Includes ready-to-use calibrators and controls
- Excellent performance: Demonstrates strong correlation with established methods
- Same-day testing: Results available in 4.5 hours
Literature
- Rheumatoid arthritis. Di Matteo A, Bathon JM, Emery P. Lancet. 2023 Nov 25;402(10416):2019-2033. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01525-8. Epub 2023 Oct 27. PMID: 38240831.
- Modulating inflammation and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of nutraceutical interventions. Leiva-Castro C, Múnera-Rodríguez AM, Torres-Joya G, Palomares-Jerez F, López-Enríquez S. Inflammopharmacology. 2025 Nov;33(11):6357-6375. doi: 10.1007/s10787-025-01976-8. Epub 2025 Sep 30. PMID: 41026372; PMCID: PMC12618442.
- Association between intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective controlled study. García-Studer A, Mucientes A, Lisbona-Montañez JM, Ruiz-Limón P, Manrique-Arija S, Ortiz-Márquez F, Hinestroza-Echavarría C, Cano-García L, Mena-Vázquez N, Fernández-Nebro A.Front Immunol. 2026 Mar 27;17:1756621. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1756621. PMID: 41972162; PMCID: PMC13067904.
Association between intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective controlled study. García-Studer A et al., Front Immunol. 2026.
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the association between biomarkers related to intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, systemic inflammation, and clinical response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: A prospective controlled 24-week study of patients with active RA receiving anti-TNF therapy was performed. Findings were compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Values of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1), zonulin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and LPS-binding protein (LBP) were determined in serum and feces at baseline and at 6 months. The associations with clinical, inflammatory, and remission parameters (DAS28-CRP ≤2.6) were analyzed. Multivariate models explored links between intestinal, inflammatory, and treatment response biomarkers.
Results: The study population comprised 70 patients with RA and 70 controls. Baseline serum levels of occludin and claudin-1 were lower in patients than in controls (p<0.001). After 6 months, systemic inflammation had improved significantly, and values of several biomarkers had returned to normal in patients who achieved clinical remission. In multivariate analysis, higher baseline occludin and claudin-1 levels were associated with a greater probability of achieving remission (OR = 1.04, and 1.02, respectively). Average HAQ was inversely associated with remission (OR = 0.26). Increased occludin after anti-TNF was associated with baseline DAS28-CRP (β=0.314) and IL-1β (β=0.416); claudin-1 with male sex (β=-0.342); and zonulin with lower IL-1β (β=-0.313) and higher resistin (β=0.294).
Conclusions: Biomarkers of intestinal integrity, especially serum occludin, are altered in patients with RA and were associated with response to anti-TNF. Disruption of the intestinal barrier, as reflected by these indirect markers, is associated with systemic inflammation, thus reinforcing the gut-joint axis as a potential therapeutic target.